King John of England was an unpopular and ineffective ruler whose reign led to the signing of the Magna Carta, a significant milestone in the history of democracy.
Edward I, also known as Edward Longshanks, was a formidable English monarch who reigned from 1272 to 1307, known for his military conquests and legal reforms.
Rudolf I was a Habsburg ruler and the first Habsburg elected as Holy Roman Emperor, laying the foundation for the Habsburg Monarchy's future dominance.