Queen Victoria was the longest-reigning monarch in British history, heralding an era of progress and luxurious refinement in the 19th century.
Henry VIII was a transformative English monarch, famed for his six marriages, reign over radical religious change and split with the Catholic Church.
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military genius and statesman, celebrated for his tactical brilliance and leadership during the French Revolution.
Nicholas II was the last Russian Tsar, a symbol of imperial collapse leading to the Russian Revolution in 1917.
Louis XIV was a prolific French monarch who reigned for a prominent 72 years, cultivating an era of unparalleled absolutist rule and grandeur.
King John of England was an unpopular and ineffective ruler whose reign led to the signing of the Magna Carta, a significant milestone in the history of democracy.
Philip the Bold was a 14th-century French nobleman and military leader, known for his courage and strategic prowess, who played a significant role in shaping the future of Burgundy.
Catherine de' Medici was a powerful and influential Queen of France, mother of three kings, and patron of the arts who shaped Renaissance politics and culture.