Hannah Arendt was a German-American political theorist known for her groundbreaking work on totalitarianism and the nature of power.
Samuel Beckett was an Irish novelist, playwright, poet, and theater director, known for his avant-garde works that revolutionized 20th-century literature and theater.
Fyodor Dostoevsky was a Russian novelist, philosopher, and writer whose works explored the depths of human psychology and morality, profoundly influencing literature and thought.
Jorge Luis Borges was an Argentine writer, essayist, and poet whose unique blend of philosophical themes and fantastical elements revolutionized Latin American literature.
Naguib Mahfouz was an Egyptian writer, screenwriter, and Nobel laureate, celebrated for his vivid portrayals of Egyptian society and culture.
José Ortega y Gasset was a Spanish philosopher, essayist, and cultural critic who profoundly influenced 20th-century European thought.