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Karl Marx was a Jewish, German-born philosopher, economist, political theorist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist

Isaac Asimov was an acclaimed American author, renowned for his prolific contributions to the science fiction and popular science genres.

Michel de Montaigne was a celebrated French philosopher and author, renowned for pioneering the essay as a literary genre.

Max Weber was a German sociologist and political economist who significantly influenced modern social theory and developed the concept of bureaucracy.

Laurence Sterne was an 18th-century Irish-born English writer, known for his satirical novel "The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman", which broke new ground in narrative form and humor.

Michel Foucault was a French philosopher and historian whose groundbreaking work on power, knowledge, and social institutions profoundly influenced modern thought.

Stuart Hall was a Jamaican-British cultural theorist who significantly influenced British cultural studies, sociology, and media theory.

William of Ockham was a medieval philosopher and theologian known for his principle of parsimony, or "Occam's Razor," which emphasizes simplicity and skepticism in problem-solving.

Philipp Melanchthon was a German theologian, reformer, and scholar who played a pivotal role in shaping the Lutheran Reformation alongside Martin Luther.

William Tyndale was a pioneering English scholar and translator who produced the first English Bible, defying Catholic Church authority.

Doğu Perinçek is a Turkish politician, journalist, and former leader of the Patriotic Party, known for his nationalist and socialist views.

Ahmet Davutoğlu is a Turkish politician and former Prime Minister of Turkey who championed neo-Ottomanism and shaped the country's foreign policy.

Ali Babacan is a Turkish politician and economist who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey and Minister of Economy.

Juan Luis Vives was a Spanish Renaissance scholar, philosopher, and humanist who championed education reform and critical thinking in 16th-century Europe.

John Milton was a renowned English epic poet, best known for his masterpiece "Paradise Lost", which shaped the literary landscape of the 17th century.

Gottfried Leibniz was a German philosopher and mathematician who co-developed calculus and shaped modern philosophy with his rationalist ideas.

Baruch Spinoza was a 17th-century Dutch philosopher who developed a comprehensive metaphysical system, blending rationalism and mysticism.

Frances Wright was a Scottish-American social reformer, abolitionist, and women's rights advocate who championed radical change in the early 19th century.

Oliver Goldsmith was an Anglo-Irish novelist, playwright, and poet who charmed 18th-century Europe with his witty, satirical works.

Girolamo Cardano was a Renaissance Italian mathematician, physician, and gambler who invented the Cardan grille and wrote seminal works on probability and algebra.

Qian Mu was a renowned Chinese historian, philosopher, and educator, whose works significantly influenced modern Chinese historiography.

T.S. Eliot was a distinguished American-born English poet, playwright, and literary critic, best known for his groundbreaking works that revolutionized modernist poetry.

Marcel Duchamp was a French-American artist whose groundbreaking work in the Dada and Surrealist movements revolutionized the art world.

Emperor Kammu was the 50th emperor of Japan, known for consolidating power and unifying the country under his rule.

Democritus was an ancient Greek philosopher, known as the "father of modern science" for his groundbreaking ideas on atomism and the nature of reality.

Jorge Amado was a Brazilian writer renowned for his literary works that captured the essence of Brazilian culture and society.

Adlai Stevenson was an American lawyer, politician, and diplomat who served as the 5th U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and twice as a presidential candidate.

Ted Cruz is a prominent American politician and lawyer, serving as a U.S. Senator from Texas since 2013.

Ernst Gombrich was an Austrian-born British art historian, whose influential book "The Story of Art" introduced the world to art history in a captivating and accessible manner.

Ludwig von Bertalanffy was an Austrian biologist and philosopher, known as the founder of general systems theory, a fundamental approach to studying complex systems in diverse disciplines.

Paul Feyerabend was an Austrian-born philosopher of science who challenged conventional notions of scientific method and progress.

Count István Széchenyi was a Hungarian nobleman, politician, and writer who played a crucial role in the economic and cultural development of 19th-century Hungary.

John Harvard was a British minister and philanthropist whose bequest established the oldest institution of higher learning in America, Harvard University.

Pham Van Dong was a prominent Vietnamese politician, serving as Prime Minister of North Vietnam from 1955 to 1987, and a key figure in the country's reunification efforts.

Robert Middlekauff, a renowned historian and Pulitzer Prize-winning author, is best known for his groundbreaking works on the American Revolution and colonial history.

Henry Steele Commager was an American historian, educator, and prolific author, renowned for his expertise in American history and contributions to the field.

Julian Huxley was a British evolutionary biologist, philosopher, and humanist, renowned for his contributions to the modern synthesis of evolution and his role in founding UNESCO.

Birbal Sahni was a renowned Indian botanist and paleobotanist, known for his pioneering work in the field of plant fossils and their evolution.

Cheikh Anta Diop was a Senegalese historian, anthropologist, and physicist, renowned for his groundbreaking work in African history and culture.

Hippasus was a Greek philosopher and mathematician who discovered irrational numbers, challenging the beliefs of his time.

Ecphantus was a versatile individual, known for his remarkable contributions to various fields, leaving an indelible mark on history.

Cebes was an ancient Greek philosopher, a prominent member of the Socratic circle, known for his contributions to moral and ethical thought.

Edward Sapir was an American anthropologist and linguist, renowned for his pioneering work in the study of Native American languages and the development of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.

José Ortega y Gasset was a Spanish philosopher, essayist, and cultural critic who profoundly influenced 20th-century European thought.