Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer and polymath.
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath, active as a mathematician, astronomer, and Catholic canon.
Francis Bacon was an English philosopher and statesman.
Johannes Kepler was a German astronomer, mathematician, astrologer, natural philosopher and writer on music
Amerigo Vespucci was an Italian explorer and navigator whose name became synonymous with the new world, America.
Juan Luis Vives was a Spanish Renaissance scholar, philosopher, and humanist who championed education reform and critical thinking in 16th-century Europe.
John Milton was a renowned English epic poet, best known for his masterpiece "Paradise Lost", which shaped the literary landscape of the 17th century.
Christopher Clavius was a German Jesuit mathematician and astronomer who helped develop the Gregorian calendar and mapped the stars with precision.
Ivan the Terrible was a Russian Tsar whose reign marked both monumental expansion and brutal repression, forever shaping Russia's history.
Henry V was a formidable English king and military leader, known for his victory at the Battle of Agincourt and unifying the nation.
Johann Christoph Denner was a German woodwind instrument maker who invented the clarinet, revolutionizing the world of music.
Sir John Hawkwood was an English condottiere and renowned military leader who served various Italian states during the 14th century.