Roger Bacon was a medieval English philosopher known for his empirical approach and contributions to the development of science and optics.
William of Ockham was a medieval philosopher and theologian known for his principle of parsimony, or "Occam's Razor," which emphasizes simplicity and skepticism in problem-solving.
Eriugena was an influential Irish philosopher and theologian of the early Middle Ages, known for his unique synthesis of Christian and Neoplatonic thought.
John the Scot, also known as Eriugena, was an influential Irish philosopher and theologian who played a pivotal role in the Carolingian Renaissance.