Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath, active as a mathematician, astronomer, and Catholic canon.
William Gilbert was an English physician and natural philosopher who made significant contributions to the study of magnetism and electricity, earning him the title "Father of Electrical Engineering.
Gerardus Mercator was a Flemish geographer, cartographer, and cosmographer who revolutionized mapmaking with his Mercator projection.
Paracelsus was a Swiss physician, alchemist, and philosopher who revolutionized medicine by integrating chemistry and naturalism into the field.